Belief & Theology

Did the Prophet ﷺ see Allah during Isra wal-Miraj?

Yasir Qadhi September 25, 2019 Watch on YouTube
seeing allahisra wal mirajnight journeyru'yat allahprophet saw allah

Quick Answer

The majority of scholars hold that the Prophet (SAW) did not see Allah with his physical eyes in this world. Aisha (RA) explicitly stated he saw Jibreel (AS) in Surah al-Najm, not Allah. The authentic hadith of Abu Dharr reports the Prophet (SAW) said 'there was light — how could I see Him?' The Prophet (SAW) did however see Allah in a true and meaningful dream, as established in a sound hadith. Believers will see Allah in the Hereafter — this is definitive.

Full Lecture Transcript (Cleaned)

The Baseline: Believers Will See Allah in the Hereafter — 0:20

This is definitive theology. Allah says in the Quran:

The Prophet (SAW) said in Bukhari and Muslim: You will see your Lord as you see the full moon — you will not jostle each other or be harmed in seeing Him.

This is unanimous Sunni doctrine. The Mu'tazilah and Twelver Shia deny it, which is part of what distinguishes them from mainstream Sunni theology.

The Question: Did the Prophet See Allah in Isra wal-Miraj?

The Companions themselves disagreed on this.

Ibn Abbas (RA) and others swore that the Prophet (SAW) saw Allah during Isra wal-Miraj, interpreting the verses in Surah al-Najm (ra'ahu qad nazzala — "He saw him descend...") as referring to Allah.

Aisha (RA) strongly disagreed. In Sahih Bukhari, she said: My hair stands on end from what you said. She then cited: Eyes cannot encompass Allah (Surah al-An'am) and You will never see Me (Allah to Musa). She stated explicitly: I was the first to ask the Prophet about this, and he told me those verses refer to Jibreel (AS).

The Weight of Evidence

The stronger opinion — held by Imam al-Nawawi and the majority of scholars — is that the Prophet (SAW) did not see Allah in Isra wal-Miraj:

  • Aisha's testimony: She is more knowledgeable in this matter than Ibn Abbas (RA), who was 12–13 years old when the Prophet (SAW) died. Aisha accompanied the Prophet throughout his Madinan life.
  • Hadith of Abu Dharr (Sahih Muslim): Abu Dharr asked directly: Ya Rasulallah, did you see your Lord during Isra wal-Miraj? The Prophet (SAW) replied: "Nur anná arahu — There was light, how could I see Him?" Some scholars interpret this as not seeing Him; others interpret it as meaning he saw a veil of light rather than directly seeing Allah.
  • The Dajjal hadith: The Prophet (SAW) explicitly said: None of you will see your Lord in this world. He said this to explain why people should not be deceived by the Dajjal claiming to be God — because you cannot see your Lord in al-dunya. The Prophet himself (SAW) said this.
  • The Prophet Saw Allah in a Dream

    This is well-established. A sound hadith in Tirmidhi and Musnad Ahmad (authenticated by Ibn Khuzaymah and others) records:

    The Prophet (SAW) came to the Fajr prayer late. He told them: My Lord came to me in a dream in the best image, and placed His hands between my shoulders until I felt their coolness on my chest...

    Ibn Taymiyya and others confirm: this seeing was in a dream, and seeing Allah in a dream is different from seeing Him in a waking state. The dreams of prophets are true and meaningful, but they are not the same as physical reality.

    Can Others See Allah in Dreams?

    The famous story of Abdul Qadir al-Jilani: he fell asleep and saw a great light that said "I am Allah, and I have lifted the obligations from you." He replied: You are Shaytan. Even the prophets were not exempt from obligations — how could I be? He was right.

    There is no evidence that anyone other than the prophets can see Allah in a dream, and even for the prophets it was in a dream, not a waking vision.